Pregnancy is a physiological condition during which a series of morphological and anatomical
changes occur. Adaptation to new changes in the body depends on the psychological and
physical condition of the patient. One of the many factors that affect the quality of life is physical
exercise. Proper exercise prevents certain chronic diseases, reduces pregnancy discomfort, gives
a feeling of satisfaction and influences a positive outcome of the pregnancy. The aim of this
study was to examine the validity of the preliminary version of the questionnaire, and therefore
examine the impact of exercise on the quality of life during pregnancy. The questionnaire
involved pregnant women (N=33). All of whom were in their third trimester of pregnancy. The
participants voluntarily filled out an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire included
information about: social and marital status, education, frequency of maternity problems, the
type of exercise, as well as the level of training load during pregnancy. High reliability and
validity of the survey (0,873) was determined by Cronbach alpha coefficient. Pregnant women
(48%) commonly practiced low intensity yoga, up to three times a week. Most of the women
(45%) believe that the exercise has a positive impact on their health. A difference of statistical
significance was observed between the type of exercise and heart burn (r=0.349; p=0.046), as
well as between the type of exercise and body weight (r=0.357; p=0.041). The results of this
pilot study show a lower incidence of common maternity symptoms in pregnant women who
exercised during pregnancy. 

The goal of this study was to examine the influence of dancing and game contents on
preschoolers’ motor engagement in each phase, as well as total engagement in directed motor
activities. The study was realized in the first term of 2014/2015 school year. 12 activities with
dancing contents and 12 activities with moving games were monitored. The duration of directed
motor activity phases was as follows: the first A phase (introductory) – five minutes, the first B
phase (preparatory) – five minutes, the second phase (main) – fifteen minutes and the third phase
(final) – five minutes. The time of the activity (engagement) was measured by random choice of
one of the children, who was monitored during the directed activity. The observed child did not
know that he/she was an object of measurement. Data processing included descriptive statistics
and t-test for small independent samples. The parameters of descriptive statistics indicate longer
engagement of children in the first A phase, the third phase and total engagement with dancing
contents. Game contents influenced higher engagement in the first B phase and the second phase.
Game contents influenced statistically significant difference in relation to dancing contents in the
third phase. The total engagement with the dancing contents was 725 seconds, with game
contents 707 seconds. The t-test does not indicate statistically significant difference between
dancing and game contents in terms of preschoolers’ total engagement. The results indicate that
the activities with dancing and game contents are very useful in working with preschoolers.
Keywords: dance, game, engagement, directed motor activity, preschoolers

The subject of this study are metric characteristics of specific football tests. 27 football players
chronorogical age of 13-15 years, apropos categories of elder pioneers from HNK Cibalia
Vinkovci, Croatia. The participants had to go through specific tests with the ball: 20 m sprint,
zig-zag, slalom, and 9-3-6-3-9 test. We can conclude that all four variables are highly reliable.
The homogeneity of the measuring instrument is good (20 ml) and excellent( zig-zag L, slalom
L, 93639 L), and results of skewness and kurtosis further show good sensibility of the measuring
instrument, with the exception 20 m L2 variable, which is positive asymmetrically distributed
and elongated. The correlation of particles with first main component, which is second condition
for homogeneity of the measuring instrument, points on high homogeneity of all tests. Regular
distribution of all test implies on satisfactory reception of all four tests for assessing the speed
and agility. The factor analysis has given one significant component and the amount of explanied
variance and size of characteristic valuables are high, so we could confirm also factorial validitiy
of tests. The results of the variance analysis (ANOVA) conclude that the tests are pragmatically
valid, and they distinguish players from different playing lines.

Skill-based training has been developed in order to combine the skill and conditioning elements
in a coordinated approach. Our aim was to determine the effects of skill based conditioning
training on power and COD speed in youth female volleyball players. Sixteen young female
volleyball athletes (15±2 years) consented to participate in lower-body power and COD speed
testing.Players were involved in six weeks skill-based conditioning training during in-season.
There were no significant differences between pretraining and posttraining for Block jump and
Spike jump. Moreover, there were no significant (p > 0.05) improvements in Standing broad
jump also.However, compared with pretraining, there was a significant improvement in COD
speed tests. Training induced significant (p ≤ 0.05) improvements in 9-3-6-3-9 test (p<0,001) and
Side steps 10x4.5 m (p<0,001).In conclusion, skill-based conditioning training appears to have
stronger effects in improving COD speed compared to lover body power young female
volleyball players. Volleyball coaches could use this information in the process of planning the
in-season training.