Culture as industry is an indisputable fact which has expanded due to developmental requirements and trends of capitalism, as well as high technological contents which unavoidably tend to extend their productive and distributive forms to all areas of the society. Technological order is an evil destiny which negates the traditional concept of culture, and ìwhich will resurrect in the form of industryî. Criticism of culture industry assumes criticism of one way of production of social life. Culture loses its actual emancipation power since the system uses it for its own aims and includes it into its own circle; it gets submerged but comes to surface again as a regenerated industry. Thus the way of production enters the stage of constitution and regulation of the structure as a whole.

The paper deals with the relation between motor giftedness and a sense of coherence (a specific attitude towards the world and resistance to the surrounding stress) which has been tested on a sample of 275 10-year-old boys. Potentialy motor gifted boys have been identified by means of a battery of 11 motor tasks. The sense of coherence has been assessed by means of Margalit scale of child orientation. By using a T-test for small independent samples it has been confirmed that there is a statistically significant difference between the variable of coherence of motor gifted boys and the control group of boys (p = 0.003). The results support the thesis that motor giftedness of pupils should be examined in multiple ways, including other aspects of development. 

A group of adolescents with postural distortion in the sagittal plane were used as a sample group to study the relations between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities. The total sample included 202 students (79 boys and 123 girls). Their posture was evaluated using the somatoscopic method by Napoleon Wolanski. Anthropometric characteristics (11) and motor abilities (12) were brought into correlation with the aim of determining causal links of the postural disorders affecting the sagittal plane. The results show considerable individual differences in anthropometric characteristics and the level of motor abilities in both genders. Generally speaking, we may conclude that the respondents with the postural distortion in the sagittal plane have either a similar body-build or poorly developed certain motor abilities.

The purpose of the research was to study 680 children - 370 boys and 310 girls of to 5-7 year age, they were examined concerning their motor skill. It was found that physical advancement of children reaches, or more exactly exceeds the home references by 50 percent. Their physical advancement is a good base for the physical performances. Evaluated the motor skill of children it was found that in this age interval the girls are better in balancing compared to the boys. The growth rate of girls is also higher than that of the boys. These results are interpreted as characteristics of motion development at the end of the small child age. Uniform development rate was observed in running with evasion and in the two tests elaborated by our group, the boomerang running and the obstacle course. Reliability and validity of both tests were qualified excellent expect for one case. They are both recommended for practical use.

The subject of present research was relations between basketball playersí social characteristics and their conformity toward coach and club management. Study aim was to explore the relationship between basketball playersí social characteristics and their conformity toward coach and club management. Sample of examinees was consisted of 113 adult basketball players. Research instruments were modified social questionnaire SSMAXIP (Hoöek, 2004), and modified conformity scale (The Conformity Scale, Mehrabian, & Stefl, 1995). Internal reliability of the conformity scale was ·=.74. Spearmanís coefficient of rank correlation was used in order to examine significance of relations between social characteristics and conformity of basketball players. This analysis has shown that significant relationships between the majority of social characteristics and conformity toward coach and club management of basketball players do not exist, indicating that some outer factors contribute to playersí high conformity.

This paper examines the human needs that predict the preference of sports tourism in Greece; explores the tourist typology and emphasise at sport tourist roles. The sample was 269 sports tourists who visited Greece in summer. The questionnaire is based on the ìTourist Roles Preference Scaleî of Gibson and Yiannakis (2002), and was translated in Greek, German and Russian. This survey suggests promoting sports tourism especially to women and also to create and promote sports events for ages over 40, because there is a lack of participation in those groups and a lack of events that match to these ages and gender. Furthermore, this exploratory research has revealed that in the future tourist behaviour is suggested to be described by only 8 tourist roles.

In the present research parameters of technical-tactical readiness of Olympic Games-2008 champions in judo (men) in all weight categories have been defined. More than 200 competitive fights in seven weight categories were analyzed. 

The objective of the study was to examine long summer vacation (LSV) effect on physical activity (PA) in 68 children from three Slovenian cities. PA was assessed over five consecutive days using accelerometer in 6- to 8-year-old children (N = 68; 35 girls and 33 boys, mean age 7.0 ± 0.8 years). PA was assessed on two occasions, before and after LSV and showed clear Gaussian distribution model. PA dropped after LSV for boys (9.6%, P = 0.004) and girls (9%, P = 0.014). Furthermore, PA intensity changed significantly after LSV. In boys inactivity increased after LSV from 69% to 72.2% (P = 0.009) and in girls from 71.7% to 74.2% (P = 0.031), while light PA decreased from 26.9% to 24% (P = 0.005) in boys and from 24.6% to 22.5% (P = 0.035) in girls. In 27% of boys and in just 13% of girls the amount of physical activity in June also determined the amount of physical activity in September. Furthermore, we found a significant drop in physical activity only in boys (P = 0.002) and girls (P < 0.001) with higher initial (June 2007) values. In conclusion we could state that there is a clear negative effect of long summer vacation on physical activity habits and needs further investigations for clear explanation. 

The chronic effects of physical activity on cognitive functions are scarcely documented. The aim of this experiment was to give inligth on the influence of single bouts of exercise at different intensities on the amplitude and latency of P300 component of cognitive potentials in the offense team of American football players. The subject sample consisted of 11 male athletes – members of the American football team “Dukes” Novi Sad, all engaged in the offense team. The control group was formed of 10 age matched students of the University of Novi Sad who were not engaged in any organized physical activity. In the present study the participants were engaged in single bouts of exercise on a cycle ergometer at different intensities. In American football players the amplitude of P300 wave after exercise intensity achieved at 75% HRmax (Fz 15.34±3.99 mV; Cz 19.00±6.26 mV) was statistically higher (p<0.05) than the amlitude at rest (Fz 11.08±4.65 mV; Cz 13.00±5.16 mV) and after exercise at 60% HRmax (Fz 11.87±4.39 mV; Cz 13.43±3.13 mV). There was a significant decrease in amplitude after exercise at 90% HRmax (Fz 11.96±4.48 mV; Cz 13.82±7.10 mV) to the levels of baseline values obtained at rest. In the control group the amplitude of P300 wave after exercise intensity achieved at 60% (Fz 11.02±4.99 mV; Cz 13.98±2.31 mV) and 75% HRmax (Fz 11.58±3.97 mV; Cz 14.64±1.94 mV) were statisticaly higher (p<0.05) than the amplitude of P300 at rest (Fz 7.99±2.95 mV; Cz 11.56±1.81 mV) and after 90% of maximal puls (Fz 8.76±3.05 mV; Cz 12.63±3.31 mV). There were no differences (p>0.05) between the amplitudes after 60% and 75% of HRmax, as well as between the values obtained at rest and after 90% of HRmax. Short duration exercise corresponding to 75% HRmax facilitated cognitive processing in the CNS in athletes, showing that strenuous exertion on the field improves cognitive capabilities in American football players. 

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of head-down bed rest on psychological well-being in young healthy subjects. Head-down tilting bed rest (BR) is a well-accepted method by which to simulate an acute stage of human adaptation to the microgravity in space flights and also an important model to study consequences of physical inactivity and sedentarism on human body. The subject participating in the study were ten healthy males aged between 20 and 30 who were exposed to a 35-day strict rest in hospital environment. The participants were asked to complete psychometrical inventories – General Health Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, State Anxiety Inventory, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and Emotional States Questionnaire – on before and after the BR experiment. There were no significant differences in examined psychological variables between pre and post BR period. Research results do not show any adverse effects of a prolonged physical inactivity on perception of health and psychological well-being of selected group of subjects. The importance of this research was to provide evidence that the provision of favourable habitability countermeasures can prevent deterioration in the psychological state under conditions of physical immobilisation. Our findings applied value in the field of health prevention and rehabilitaion. Research of psychological and cognitive aspects within bed rest studies deserves special attention and consideration in the future. Psychic balance and emotional strength have undoubtedly an important role in reducing the consequences of physical impairment and physiological changes due to prolonged bed rest.