This study presents the results of empirical research conducted with the aim of analyzing differences in the physical activity of children in relation to the socio-economic characteristics of their families. The research was conducted by applying a questionnaire distributed to pupils aged 11-12 years, who live in the city of Novi Sad (the city and the village of Rumenka, Veternik, Kac, Bukovac, Futog). Bearing in mind that the work is a part of a broader research, the authors' attention was focused on the objective, and the evaluation of the respondents on the socioeconomic status of the family, as well as differences in physical activity among boys and girls, and children who live in urban or rural setting. As dominant in this study stands out the finding of the author that the socioeconomic characteristics of families significantly affect the intensity, form and quality of physical activity of children. Since such a finding puts children living in families with low socioeconomic status into a disadvantaged position, the authors believe that with the findings of this and compatible researches it is needed to familiarize with the wider academic community, in order to include other social institutions in the process of affirmation of physical activity as an important lifestyle quality in children and youth. 

The aim of this study was to compare physiological responses during arm and leg aerobic power tests. Ten elite female judokas of the Serbian National Team participated in the study. In addition to the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) were determined using an arm crank ergometer and a treadmill. Body fat percentage was estimated by bio-impedance.  The VO2max was only 3 ml∙kg–1∙min–1 higher on the treadmill than in the arm crank (p<0.03), the AT was also higher on the treadmill test (8.6 l∙min1, p=0.005). Nevertheless, the SJFT results were significantly correlated only with the maximal heart rate during the treadmill test (r=0.77, p<0.01 for index; r=-0.73, p<0.02 for total throws). Body fat percentage was correlated with VO2max (r=-0.67, p<0.05) and AT in the arm crank test (r=-0.88, p=0.001). The maximal oxygen uptake was not statistically correlated with the SJFT results in elite female judokas. However, judokas who had higher maximal heart rate during the treadmill test, showed a worse judo-specific capacity on the SJFT. Female judokas with higher body fat seem to have lower VO2max and AT, with statistically significant correlations in the arm crank, and close to significance on the treadmill. On the other hand, arm crank and treadmill tests presented different results concerning aerobic capacity. However, our female judokas interestingly presented similar VO2max results during both aerobic tests, which highlights some judo-specific demands on the upper-body aerobic fitness. 

The purpose of this survey is to establish whether, and in which manner, different sources of stress predict the partner relationship quality, as well as to establish differences concerning the gender, age and job of respondents. Sources of stress are defined as individual, interpersonal and organizational, whereas the quality of partner relationship was tested as a degree of satisfaction with the romantic relationship. The survey was conducted on an adequate sample of 100 respondents involved in a partner relationship, similar in terms of gender and aged 18 to 44. Questionnaires were used to measure the sources of stress and partner relationship quality (Hendrick, 1988). The results indicated that all three sources of stress were significantly connected with the partner relationship quality, also that family-related sources of stress were the only significant predictor (β= 0.286, p<0.01). The greater the family-related sources of stress, the poorer the partnership relation quality. Differences were obtained in assessing the individual factors of stress according to gender and age categories. 

Since previous studies suggest a relationship between motor and cognitive development in children, a research was conducted in order to examine the differences in motor skills of children with different levels of intellectual ability. In a sample of 88 respondents, boys and girls aged 7, an assessment of motor skills was performed by using the battery of seven motor tests and assessment of intellectual abilities by using the test of Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices. Respondents were divided into three groups according to the results of the test. After analyzing the results of the research it was shown that there were no statistically significant differences in the area of motor abilities of children of different intellectual levels, but there were differences at the univariate level regarding the tests Hand Tapping and Seat-and-Reach. 

Monitoring postural and nutritional status is very useful for sheding light on problems in the process of growth and development of children. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in postural status of younger-aged school children of urban and suburban environment according to their nutrition. Research sample included 497 male and female pupils from Novi Sad (251) and suburban environment (246), aged 11 and 12. Postural status was assessed using the method of somatoscopy and nutrition level with BMI calculator. The relation between the category of nutrition and the incidence of postural disorders was tested using a chi-square test at the significance level of p≤0.05. The results show a statisticaly significant difference in pupils in terms of sagittal spine plane, chest and feet according to their nutritional status. Lordotic bad posture (p=0.008), right lumbar scoliosis (p=0.007), high arch foot (p=0.043) and flat feet (p=0.007) were the most frequent postural disorders in the normal weight pupils. The incidence of kypholordotic posture (p=0.005) and flat-chest (p=0.002) was significantly higher among pupils from suburban environment. The incidence of kypholordotic posture (p=0.012) was significantly higher in over-nourished pupils from the suburban environment. Postural disorders and nutritional abnormalities significantly increase in children of the urban and suburban environment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide adequate conditions and include them in an organized physical exercise in order to prevent the occurrence of postural disorders and disorders of the nutritional status.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of younger school children. It included 325 respondents, 196 of which were boys and 129 girls aged 7-11, from the elementary schools in Novi Pazar. Body height and weight were measured in February 2014, based on which the body mass index was calculated. Harrison‘s categorization was used for the evaluation of the degree of nutritional status of the respondents. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. The research results show that there is a statistically significant difference in the nutritional status between boys and girls of younger school age (p ≤ .05), i.e. 18.61% of girls and only 12.75% of boys were overweight. The category of lean respondents included 35.72% boys and 24.03% girls. Considering the variables of body weight and body mass index, there were statistically significant difference between the boys and girls (p = .00). The girls had higher numerical values of body mass (30.10kg) than boys (28.07kg), and at the variable of body fat index, it was also observed that girls (21.63kg/m2) recorded higher values than boys (19.97kg/m2). The conclusion is that girls of younger school age have a higher degree of nutrition, higher body weight and body mass index than boys.

Body satisfaction has become immensely popular topic over the last couple of decades, and yet, there are still so many undiscovered aspects of the phenomenon which actively influence people’s everyday lives. In this study, we’ve been investigating the connection between body satisfaction and self-rated symptoms of psychophysical health. Sample comprised 393 women, aged 19 to 76, with different socio-economic status. In order to determine the differences in psychophysical health between women who are satisfied with their body and those who are not, discriminant analysis was applied. Obtained discriminant factor was significant (Wilks’ lambda=0.79; p level<0.01) which indicate that there is a significant difference in the level of psychophysical health between women who are satisfied with their body and those who are not. Results of this study show that women who are dissatisfied with their body appearance are more likely to experience some symptoms of poor psychophysical health (nervousness and irritability, fatigue, anxiety, digestive problems, poor productivity, lack of energy and depressive thoughts) compared to the women who are satisfied with their body appearance. 

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of two different metric protocols, the
present standard and a new protocol with a video demonstration of the task, on reliability and
homogeneity of motor skills assessment tests for the students in primary education. The
sample of participants comprised ofstudentsin the third and fourth grades from four
elementary schools in the urban area of Petrinja and Sisak in Croatia. The total number of
students that participated was 327, consisting of 186 boys and 141 girls aged 10.5 years. The
students were divided in two subsamples, based on the protocol applied. The sample of
variables consisted of 4 motor skills assessment tests: Shuttle-run, Partial Curl-up, 90° Pushups, Back-saver sit and reach.The results of metric characteristics of composite testing in the
field of motor skills have shown a high level of reliability, homogeneity and sensitivity of
tests after both protocols were applied. Based on the reliability coefficient, the test called
90°Push-ups can be used further by using the video demonstration protocol, with a few trials
before the application, while the test called Partial Curl-updoes not allow the use and
application of the test in this form and using this method. The research shows that, with
correction of some tests, the new protocol with the video demonstration has better results of
metric characteristics of tests compared to the standard protocol.

Demonstration is a widely used method in sports teaching and coaching, as well in Physical
education classes. The most commonly used types of demonstration live demonstration and
video demonstration. However, a direct comparison between these two types of model has
rarely been undertaken in a motor context. Therefore, the aim of this reseasrch is to specify
and compare the effects of the two different metric protocol, former standard and the new
video demonstration, on the estimation of the test results in the primary school.The
participants involved the third and the fourth year students from four elementary schools in
Petrinje and Sisak which territorialy belong to urban area of the Sisak- Moslavic county. The
total number of students on whom this research has taken place was 327, of which 186 were
boys and 141 were girls at the age of 10,5. The students were divided into two subsamples
considering the used treatment,both standard and video demonstration protocol. The sample
of variables in this research consists of four tests for evauating motor abilities: Shuttle run,
Back-save sit and reach for the right and left leg, Push-ups and Curl up. The use of video
demonstration protocol for task performance has shown a significant effect in the tests
Shuttle run and Curl up, while significant effects were not gained in both both flexibility tests
(Back-save sit and reach for the right and left leg) and strength tests (push-ups) due to the
protocol. The results indicated that video demonstration seems more effective than the live
one for the early acquisition of a completely new motor skills.

The aim of this study is to examine differences in stress coping between handball players of
different competitive experience. The sample consists of 127 handball players from 10 clubs
in Serbia, 83 of whom are males and 44 are females. All participants are divided in three
groups, which are formed according to their competitive experience: up to 5 years (n = 42),
up to 10 years (n = 58), over 10 years (n = 26), with an assumption that there are no
significant differences between male and female handball players (p = .909). General SelfEfficacy Scale (SGSE; Schwarzer, & Jerusalem, 1981) is applied. The findings indicate that
there are significant differences in stress coping between handball players with different
levels of competitive experience (p = .021); the longer the competitive experience, the more
efficient stress coping is. As regards the findings of previous studies and the specificity of
handball, this paper provides possible explanation of obtained results and their
implementation in everyday activities of athletes and coaches.